99) presumption
in German
Learn
languages (via Skype): Rainer: + 36 20 549 52 97 or + 36 20 334 79 74
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Presumption in German
„Sicherlich, Wahrscheinlich or
Vielleicht kauft er das Auto.“ (Certainly, probably or maybe he'll buy the car.) These and similar
words are an easy way of expressing the degree of presumption. This can then
also relate to the present and the past: „Vermutlich
kauft er das Auto“ oder „hat er das Auto gekauft.“ (He is probably buying the car" or "He has
probably bought the car.)
The same applies to the passive
voice: „Angeblich wird das Auto verkauft,
wurde das Auto verkauft, ist es verkauft worden, oder ist schon verkauft.“ (Allegedly the car is being sold, the car has been sold.)
Main clause constructions offer
even more possibilities: „Ich denke, dass er
das Auto kaufen wird, kauft, gekauft hat, dass das Auto verkauft wurde,
verkauft worden ist, schon verkauft ist.“ Oder: „Ich glaube, Ich weiß, Ich
bin sicher, Es kann sein, Es ist anzunehmen ……“ (I think that he will buy the car, is buying it,
bought it, the car has been sold. Or: I think I know, I am sure, It can be,
It is to be assumed ...) The list is almost endless.
The third way is to use the modal
verbs. „Er könnte, dürfte, mag, müsste,
muss das Auto gekauft haben. Das Auto könnte, dürfte, mag, müsste, muss
verkauft worden sein.“ (He could, must, is likely to,
might have bought the car. The car could, might, is likely to, must have been
sold.)
The description of the future is
not possible and the present is generally not used in this sense because it
is ambiguous: „Er könnte das Auto kaufen.“ 1) conditional (He could buy the car.) 2) presumption (He could be buying the car.).
The modal verbs “sollen” and
“wollen” have a special meaning. „Er soll das Auto
gekauft haben.“ = He is said to have bought the car. „Er will das Auto gekauft haben.“ = He himself claims that he bought it, but I doubt
it.
The fourth kind of presumption is
the two future tenses, in this case their original meaning is completely altered.
„Er wird wohl das Auto kaufen.“ (He is
probably buying the car.) = He'll probably buy the car. „Er wird wohl das Auto gekauft haben.“ = He probably has bought the car.
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Montag, 10. August 2020
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